Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye rishinzwe kurwanya SIDA (UNAIDS) ryatangaje ko umubare w’ibihugu bihana abantu baryamana bahuje ibitsina cyangwa abahinduje igitsina wiyongereye ku buryo butari bwitezwe. Ibi byemejwe muri raporo nshya igaragaza uko amategeko akandamiza abantu bo mu matsinda afite ibyago byinshi byo kwandura SIDA yiyongera, kandi bigahungabanya uburenganzira bwabo.
Mu 2023, igihugu cya Mali cyashyizeho itegeko rihana ubutinganyi, mu gihe mbere cyahanaga gusa ubusambanyi buciye ukubiri nu muco. Muri Trinidad na Tobago, urukiko rwatesheje agaciro icyemezo cyari cyaravuguruye itegeko rihana abaryamana bahuje ibitsina, rusubizaho itegeko ryo mu gihe cy’ubukoloni. Uganda na Ghana na ho bafashe ingamba nshya zikaza ibihano ku baryamana bahuje ibitsina.
Ibi byose bibaye mu gihe isi yose ihanganye no guhashya icyorezo cya SIDA bitarenze 2030. Ariko izi ngamba zo gukumira abantu bo mu matsinda yihariye—nk’abagabo baryamana n’abandi bagabo, abahindura igitsina, abagurisha imibiri yabo, n’abakoresha ibiyobyabwenge—zibangamira ingamba zo kubarinda no kubitaho, nk’uko raporo ya UNAIDS ibigaragaza.
Uretse amategeko abangamira uburenganzira, hari n’izindi mbogamizi zirimo: Kugabanuka kw’inkunga yatangwaga na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, Imihindagurikire y’ikirere ndetsen’ibibazo by’ubutabazi mu buzima rusange.
Izi mbogamizi zose zishobora gutuma intego yo guca burundu icyorezo cya SIDA idashyirwa mu bikorwa.
Raporo igaragaza ko muri 2025, ibihugu 8 gusa mu 193 ari byo bizaba bifite amategeko ahana abantu bo mu matsinda afite ibyago byinshi byo kwandura VIH/SIDA, cyangwa atahana abantu bayanduye.
Mu 2024, miliyoni 1.3 y’abantu banduye VIH naho abarenga 630,000 bapfa bazize SIDA. Nubwo hari aho ubwandu bwagabanutse cyane, nka Afurika yo munsi y’Ubutayu bwa Sahara (hagabanyutse 56% ugereranyije na 2010), ahandi hagiye habaho izamuka rikabije rikabije ry’ubwandu, nko mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati no mu Majyaruguru ya Afurika (hazamutse 94%).
Ikindi gitera impungenge ni uko Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, mu ntangiriro za 2025, zahagaritse inkunga yo kurwanya SIDA yanyuraga muri gahunda ya PEPFAR. Ibi byatumye ibikorwa byinshi byagenderagaho iyo nkunga bihagarara.
Urugero: Muri Nigeria, mu Ugushyingo 2024, abantu 43,000, bafataga imiti ibarinda kwandura VIH. Ariko muri Mata 2025, basigaye munsi ya 6,000.
Dr Beatriz Grinsztejn, Perezida w’Ishyirahamwe Mpuzamahanga rishinzwe kurwanya SIDA (IAS), avuga ko “aya matsinda ryamana ahuje ibitsina bahora basigara inyuma” kuko batitabwaho n’inzego z’ubuvuzi bwa leta, ahubwo bagakenera ubufasha bw’abaterankunga—nyamara na bwo bukaba bwarahagaze.
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na Kaminuza ya Bristol bwgaragaje ko guhagarika inkunga ya PEPFAR mu mwaka umwe gusa, bishobora gutuma abantu ibihumbi 700 bahagarika gufata imiti, bikaba byateza ubwandu bushya bwa VIH ibihumbi 10 mu myaka itanu iri imbere.
UNAIDS nayo yerekana ko niba nta nkunga isimbura iya Amerika, abantu miliyoni 4 bashobora gupfa naho miliyoni 6 zakwandura hagati ya 2025 na 2029.
Ariko hari icyizere ko ibihugu 25 muri 60 bikennye cyangwa bifite ubukungu buciriritse byamaze kongera ingengo y’imari y’imbere mu gihugu igenewe kurwanya VIH kugeza mu 2026.
Winnie Byanyima, Umuyobozi Mukuru wa UNAIDS, yagize ati:“ Ibi nibyo bigomba kuranga urugamba rwo kurwanya SIDA—ibikorwa n’igihugu ubwacyo, bikaba birambye, bihuriweho kandi bikubiyemo inzego zose.”
