Umuyobozi w’Ishami rishinzwe kurwanya virusi itera SIDA mu Kigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Ubuzima (RBC), Dr Ikuzo Basile, yatangaje ko nibigenda neza, mu mwaka wa 2026 u Rwanda ruzatangira gukoresha umuti wa Lenacapavir Yeztugo, utangwa inshuro ebyiri mu mwaka kandi ukarinda umuntu kwandura SIDA.
Yabitangaje mu kiganiro Waramutse Rwanda cyo kuri RBA, agaragaza ko uyu muti mushya ushobora kugabanya igitutu ku bafata imiti isanzwe yo kwirinda SIDA.
Lenacapavir Yeztugo wakozwe n’Ikigo cyo muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika cyitwa Gilead Sciences, gisanzwe kizobereye mu gukora inkingo zivura indwra zitandukanye.
Mu mwaka wa 2024, habaye igerageza rya mbere n’irya kabiri kuri uyu muti, bigaragaara ko nta ngaruka zagira ku bawufashe. Igerageza rya gatatu ryakorewe muri Afurika y’Epfo na Uganda, ku bantu 5300, barimo abangavu n’abagore bakiri bato hagati y’imyaka 16 na 24. Kubawufashe nibigeze bagaragaraho ubwandu bw’agakoko gatera SIDA.
Irindi gerageza ryakorewe muri Argentine, Brésil, Mexique, Peru, Afurika y’Epfo ndetse n‘Amerika, nanone irigeragezwa rykorewe ku bagabo baryamana n’abo bahuje igitsina, abihinduye ibitsina n’abandi bafite ibyago byinshi byo kwandura. Lenacapavir Yeztugo yagaragaje ubwirinzi buri hejuru cyane, aho ubushobozi bwayo bwo kurinda ubwandu bushyirwa ku rugero rwa 99.9%.
Lenacapavir Yeztugo uterwa umuntu inshuro imwe mu mezi atandatu, bivuze ko umuntu awufata kabiri mu mwaka. Ni itandukaniro rinini riri hagati n’indi miti isanzwe ikoreshwa mu Rwanda ugereranyije n’ibinini bifatwa buri munsi, n’urushinge rutangwa buri mezi abiri, rwatangiye gutangwa mu Mujyi wa Kigali kandi rukaba rugomba gukwirakwizwa no mu bindi bice by’igihugu.
Dr Ikuzo yagize ati:“Ni umuti ugabanya ‘stress’ zo gufata bya binini cyangwa urushinge rufatwa inshuro esheshatu […]. Natwe turi kureba uko twawuzana kugira ngo dukomeze gufasha abantu kwirinda virusi itera Sida. Bigenze neza twazatangira kuwukoresha umwaka utaha.”
Yongeyeho ko nubwo uwo muti mushya uzajya uboneka, indi miti isanzwe izakomeza gutangwa, nubwo umubare w’abafata ibinini ushobora kugabanuka mu gihe benshi bahitamo urushinge cyangwa Lenacapavir Yeztugo.
Iyi miti igenerwa ibyiciro bifite ibyago byinshi byo kwandura, birimo urubyiruko, abakora uburaya, abaryamana bahuje ibitsina, ndetse n’abashakanye umwe afite virusi itera SIDA.
Dr Ikuzo yavuze ko n’iyo Lenacapavir Yeztugo izaba itangiye gutangwa, izahabwa ari ibyo byiciro byihariye gusa, ati:“Ni serivisi igitangira itangwa ku buntu, kandi hari amafaranga menshi aba yarayitanzweho, ni yo mpamvu twibanda kuri biriya byiciro.”
Yagaragaje ko mu gihe kiri imbere, u Rwanda ruzareba uko rwashyiraho igiciro, kugira ngo ababyifuza bashobore kuyibona bishyuye.
Ku bufatanye n’Umuryango Global Fund na Children’s Investment Fund Foundation (CIFF), ibihugu icyenda ku Isi byamaze kugaragaza ubushake bwo gukoresha Lenacapavir Yeztugo, kandi biteganyijwe ko bitarenze 2026 bizatangira kuyifashisha.
Impamvu nyamukuru ni uko uyu muti wakoreshwa n’abarenga miliyoni ebyiri ku mwaka, kandi umubare ukagenda wiyongera uko ibihe bigenda.
Kugeza ubu, mu Rwanda 97% by’abantu bafite virusi itera SIDA bafata imiti igabanya ubukana, ndetse 98% byabo bagaragaza ko virusi yagabanutse ku kigero cyo hejuru.
Mu bantu bari hagati y’imyaka 15 na 49, 2.7% bafite virusi itera SIDA, naho mu bana bari hagati y’imyaka 0 na 14, abafata imiti ni 80%.
Abana bavutse ku babyeyi bafite virusi, 99% bageza ku myaka ibiri nti bafite ubwandu, bisobanuye ko 1% ari we ushobora kuyandura.
Dr Ikuzo yibukije ko nubwo virusi iba itakigaragara mu mubiri kubera imiti, ntabwo bivuze ko umuntu yakize SIDA, asaba ko abavuga ko basengewe bagakira bakwiye kwitondera amagambo nk’ayo. Ati:“Virusi itera Sida ntabwo igira umuti cyangwa urukingo. Iyo ufashe neza imiti, ishobora kugabanuka ku rugero rw’uko itakigaragara mu bipimo bisanzwe, ariko ntiba yakize.”
Yongeyeho ko nubwo umuntu yaba ageze ku rwego rwo kutanduza uwo baryamanye igihe adakingiye, bidakuraho kwirinda, kuko utamenya uko byifashe ku wo muryamanye.
Mu Rwanda, abantu barindwi ku munsi nibo bapfa bazize virusi itera SIDA, mu gihe mbere bari kuri 20 ku munsi.
Imibare ya Minisiteri y’Ubuzima igaragaza ko buri mwaka abantu 3200 bandura virusi itera SIDA, naho 2600 ikabahitana.
U Rwanda rwagabanyije imibare y’ubwandu bushya ku kigero cya 82% mu gihe abicwa na SIDA bagabanyutse kugeza kuri 86%.
