“Hari igihe numvaga nshaka gutaka, ariko sinari nzi aho nanyura. Abantu benshi batekerezaga ko ndimo gushaka kwiyemera cyangwa gushaka kwitabwaho cyane. Ariko nari nshonje y’umutuzo.”
— Sandrine, 21, umunyeshuri wa kaminuza.
I. Intangiriro: Icyorezo kidasakuza
Mu gihe Isi yose yarihanganye n’icyorezo cya COVID-19, hari ikindi cyorezo cyacecetswe ariko gikomeje guhungabanya ubuzima bw’abantu benshi – ihungabana ryo mu mutwe (mental health crisis). Mu Rwanda, urubyiruko rurimo kwibasirwa cyane n’ihindagurika ry’ubuzima, ihangana ridasanzwe mu ishuri no ku isoko ry’umurimo, ndetse n’igitutu cy’imyitwarire y’ababyeyi, sosiyete n’itangazamakuru.
Ikibazo cy’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe ntabwo kigaragazwa n’ibikomere ku mubiri, ahubwo kigaragarira mu mwijima w’amarangamutima no mu buzima bwo mu bwonko. Mu gihe benshi mu rubyiruko bugarijwe n’agahinda gakabije (depression), guhangayika gukabije (anxiety), kwigunga, cyangwa no gutekereza kwiyahura, ubufasha buracyari buke cyangwa ntibubageraho.
II. Impamvu zirushaho guteza inkeke
1. Imibereho n’igitutu cy’iterambere
Abakiri bato bari mu rugamba rukomeye rwo gushaka kubaho neza, gukunda no gukundwa, gukorera amafaranga, no gushaka kuzamura urwego rw’imibereho by’imiryango n’inshuti zabo. Imbuga nkoranyambaga zongereyeho igitutu gishingiye ku kwigereranya n’abandi, bikarushaho kongera ihungabana ry’amarangamutima.
2. Kuvuka mu miryango idafite igihe n’urukundo
Ababyeyi benshi barushya no gushaka imibereho, bamwe baba hanze y’igihugu, abandi bafite imyumvire yo kudaha abana babo umwanya wo kuganira. Ibi bituma abana benshi bakura badafite urukundo ruhamye cyangwa se ijwi ribumva igihe bafite ibibazo.
3. Imyumvire y’Abanyarwanda kuri ‘Mental Health’
Ubushakashatsi bugaragaza ko hari imyumvire ikiri hasi ku buzima bwo mu mutwe. Hari aho umuntu ufite stress cyangwa afite ikibazo cy’amarangamutima ahita afatwa nk’ufite ‘ibisazi’. Ibi bituma benshi bahitamo guceceka aho gushaka ubufasha.
III. Ibimenyetso n’ingaruka zitagaragarira amaso
Kwigunga, kutabona ibitotsi, kwiyongera kw’amajwi y’urudaca nk’”ndabirambiwe”, “nta gaciro mfite”, ndetse no gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge cyangwa kwishora mu ngeso mbi – ibi ni bimwe mu bimenyetso bibanziriza ihungabana rikomeye cyangwa gutekereza kwiyahura.
Ubushakashatsi bwa RBC (Ikigo cy’igihugu cyita ku buzima) bwagaragaje ko buri muntu 1 mu 5 mu rubyiruko rwo mu Rwanda yahuye n’ikibazo cy’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe mu buryo bumwe cyangwa ubundi. Ariko abashaka ubufasha ni mbarwa.
IV. Ingero nyakuri: Ibyo bamwe babayemo
- Eric, 25, umunyeshuri muri IPRC: “Naratsinzwe imyaka ibiri ikurikiranye, n’abandi bakajya bavuga ngo ndi ‘looser’. Numvaga ntakwiye kuba ndiho. Ariko nyuma yo guhura n’umujyanama w’ishuri byatangiye guhinduka.”
- Diane, 19, yigeze kugerageza kwiyahura: “Sinigeze mbona umuntu utega amatwi uko uko niyumva. Nababwiye kenshi ko nshaka gupfa baraseka. Nageze aho ntekereza ko urupfu ari cyo gisubizo cyiza.”
V. Kuki tutavuga bihagije kuri iki kibazo?
Hari impamvu nyinshi zituma ikibazo cy’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe kidahabwa agaciro:
- Kubura gahunda zihamye zo mu mashuri yigisha ibijyanye n’amarangamutima no kwiyitaho.
- Kudasobanukirwa n’akamaro ko kugira counselors n’abajyanama b’ubuzima mu mashuri n’ahandi.
- Kutitabira serivisi z’ubujyanama k’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe kubera ipfunwe no gutinya abari bukubone.
VI. Ubufasha buriho – ariko ntiburagera hose
Hari gahunda zitandukanye zatangiye, nka ‘Youth Friendly Services’ za RBC, Imbuto Foundation, n‘izindi gahunda z’imiryango itandukanye. Ariko usanga ibyo bikorwa bikiri bike ugereranyije n’uburemere bw’ikibazo.
Ibigo by’amashuri, insengero, utugari, n’imiryango itari iya leta bifite uruhare rukomeye rwo kuganiriza urubyiruko no kubaka imyumvire myiza ku buzima bwo mu mutwe.
VII. Icyo dusaba Abanyarwanda
- Gutoza abana kuvuga ibyiyumvo byabo badatinya gucibwa intege
- Gushyiraho uburyo bworoshye bwo kubona ubufasha mu mashuri, muri za kaminuza, no mu midugudu
- Kwihutisha gahunda za Leta zo kongera abajyanama b’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe, no kuzamura ubumenyi bw’abaturage ku by’amarangamutima
Umusozo
Ubuzima bwo mu mutwe si ibintu by’abanyamahanga, cyangwa iby’abantu ‘baremerewe’. Ni uburenganzira bw’umuntu wese, kandi ni inshingano yacu nk’Abanyarwanda kugufasha kugarura icyizere no kuvugurura amateka y’abafite ibikomere bitagaragara.
Ugeze aho wumva uremerewe n’amarangamutima? Ntuceceke. Kuvuga ni intambwe ya mbere yo gukira.
