Ku nkombe z’Ikiyaga cya Kivu, mu karere ka Karongi, uburobyi si akazi gusa ahubwo ni ubuzima, ni ubukungu, kandi ni isoko y’iterambere rifatika ku baturage ndetse no ku gihugu cy’Rwanda muri rusange. Iki kiyaga gifite uruhare rukomeye mu mibereho y’abagituyeho, kikaba n’inkingi mu nzego zirimo uburobyi, ubukerarugendo n’ingufu.
Uburobyi: Umutima w’ubuzima bwa Karongi
Mu gitondo cya kare, ku nkengero z’ikiyaga cya Kivu, haboneka ubwato bwinshi bw’abarobyi bagiye gushaka isambaza n’andi mafi. Uburobyi ni kimwe mu bikorwa by’ingenzi bitunze abaturage benshi bo muri Karongi.
Imibare itangwa n’inzego z’ubuyobozi igaragaza ko Ikiyaga cya Kivu gitanga hafi toni 30,000 z’amafi buri mwaka ku ruhande rw’u Rwanda. Muri ayo mafi, isambaza (Limnothrissa miodon) ni yo ifite isoko rinini cyane, ikoreshwa cyane mu mirire y’abaturage ndetse no mu bucuruzi.
Abaturage benshi bavuga ko uburobyi bwahinduye imibereho yabo. Kamali Innocent ni umwe mu murobyi umwe wo mu murenge wa Rubengera aganira na Impinga.rw yagize ati:
“Mbere ubuzima bwari bugoye, ariko ubu uburobyi butuma mbasha kurihira abana ishuri no kwiteza imbere.”
Jean de Dieu Imanizabayo utuye mu murenge wa Bwishyura nawe avuga ko uburobyi akorera mu kiyaga cya Kivu bwamufashije kwiteza imbere mu bukungu. Ubwo yaganiraga na Impinga.rw yagize ati “ Uburobyi bwamfashije kubaka inzu yo guturamo y’amabati 80 yubakishije amatafari ahiye ndihira abana 4 amashuri barimo 2 biga kaminuza, umwe ubu urangiza amashuri yisumbuye n’undi urangiza amashuri abanza ndetse nshingamo iduka riri mu isoko rya Kibirizi nashyizemo umugore wanjye.”
Ubuzima n’imirire: Amafi nk’isoko y’intungamubiri
Amafi ava mu Kivu afite akamaro kanini mu buzima bw’abaturage. Isambaza ikungahaye kuri proteyine, calcium na omega-3, bikaba bifasha mu gukumira indwara z’imirire mibi cyane cyane ku bana.
Minisiteri y’Ubuhinzi n’Ubworozi (MINAGRI) yagaragaje ko kongera umusaruro w’amafi ari imwe mu ngamba zo kuzamura imirire myiza mu gihugu. Hari gahunda zitandukanye zigamije guteza imbere ubworozi bw’amafi no kunoza uburobyi bwo mu Kivu.
Ubukungu: Isoko y’amafaranga n’akazi
Uburobyi bwo mu Kivu bufite uruhare rukomeye mu bukungu bwa Karongi n’igihugu muri rusange. Uretse abarobyi ubwabo, hari n’abandi benshi bakora mu ruhererekane rw’ikorwa (value chain): abacuruzi, abatunganya amafi, abatwara ibicuruzwa n’abandi.
Bivugwa ko uburobyi butanga akazi ku bantu ibihumbi byinshi mu buryo butaziguye n’ubutaziguye. Amafi acuruzwa mu masoko atandukanye mu gihugu, ndetse amwe akoherezwa no mu bindi bihugu byo mu karere.
Uwimana ni umwe mu bayobozi mu murenge wa Gishyita aganira na Impinga.rw yagize ati:
“Uburobyi ni imwe mu nkingi z’ubukungu bwacu, kandi turimo gushyiramo imbaraga ngo burusheho gutanga umusaruro no kurengera ibidukikije.”
Ubukerarugendo: Kivu nk’ahantu nyaburanga
Karongi izwi cyane nk’ahantu heza ho gusura bitewe n’ubwiza bw’ikiyaga cya Kivu. Hari ibikorwa byinshi bikurura ba mukerarugendo birimo gutembera mu bwato, koga, kuroba nk’umukino ndetse no gusura ibirwa bitandukanye biri muri iki kiyaga.
Amahoteli n’amacumbi yubatswe ku nkengero z’ikiyaga akomeje kwiyongera, bigatuma aka karere kaba kimwe mu bikurura ba mukerarugendo benshi mu Rwanda.
Urwego rw’Igihugu rw’Iterambere (RDB) rwagaragaje ko Kivu iri mu hantu hafite amahirwe akomeye yo guteza imbere ubukerarugendo burambye.
Ingufu: Methane itanga amashanyarazi
Uretse uburobyi n’ubukerarugendo, Ikiyaga cya Kivu gifite undi mutungo ukomeye—gazi ya methane iri munsi yacyo. Iyi gazi ikoreshwa mu gutanga amashanyarazi, bikaba byaragize uruhare rukomeye mu kongera ingufu mu gihugu.
Imishinga nka KivuWatt yifashisha methane ituruka muri iki kiyaga, igatanga megawati nyinshi z’amashanyarazi zifasha inganda n’abaturage.
Abayobozi b’igihugu bagaragaje kenshi ko gukoresha neza umutungo wa methane ari ingenzi mu iterambere rirambye. Perezida wa Repubulika y’u Rwanda Paul Kagame yigeze kuvuga ko:
“Gukoresha umutungo kamere mu buryo burambye ni wo musingi w’iterambere ryacu.”
Imbogamizi n’ingamba zo kubungabunga
Nubwo uburobyi butanga inyungu nyinshi, hari imbogamizi zirimo kuroba mu buryo butemewe, ikoreshwa ry’ibikoresho bitemewe n’ihindagurika ry’ibihe.
Leta yashyizeho amabwiriza akomeye agenga uburobyi, harimo kugena igihe cyo kuroba, ubwoko bw’ibikoresho byemewe ndetse no kurengera ubwoko bw’amafi.
Hari kandi gahunda zo guhugura abarobyi no kubafasha kubona ibikoresho byujuje ubuziranenge, kugira ngo uburobyi bukorwe mu buryo burambye.
Akamaro ku baturage n’igihugu
Mu ncamake, Ikiyaga cya Kivu ni umutungo kamere w’agaciro kanini:
- Ku baturage: gitanga akazi, amafaranga n’ibiribwa
- Ku karere ka Karongi: gituma habaho iterambere ry’ubukungu n’ubukerarugendo
- Ku gihugu: gitanga ingufu, amafaranga ava mu bucuruzi n’amahirwe y’iterambere
Ikiyaga cya Kivu gikomeje kuba inkingi y’ubuzima n’iterambere rya Karongi. Mu gihe ubuyobozi n’abaturage bakomeje gushyira imbaraga mu kugikoresha neza no kukirengera, haracyari icyizere ko kizakomeza gutanga inyungu ku bisekuru bizaza.
Iterambere rishingiye kuri Kivu ni urugendo rudasubira inyuma ruhuza uburobyi, ubuzima, ubukungu, ubukerarugendo n’ingufu mu ntego imwe yo kubaka ejo hazaza heza h’u Rwanda.
Dore iby’ingenzi wamenya ku kiyaga cya Kivuga
- Ikiyaga cya Kivu gitanga toni zisaga 30,000 z’amafi ku mwaka mu Rwanda
- Abarobyi barenga 10,000 batunzwe n’uburobyi muri Kivu
- Isambaza ni yo mafi akunzwe cyane ku isoko
- Uburobyi butanga akazi ku buryo butaziguye n’ubutaziguye ku bantu ibihumbi byinshi
- Methane iva mu kiyaga ikoreshwa mu gutanga amashanyarazi
- Karongi ni imwe mu turere twibanze ku bukerarugendo bushingiye ku Kivu
- Amahoteli n’ibikorwa byo kwidagadura bikurura ba mukerarugendo benshi
- Uburobyi bufasha mu kurwanya imirire mibi
- Leta yashyizeho amabwiriza yo kurengera umutungo w’amafi
- Ubucuruzi bw’amafi bwinjiza amafaranga menshi ku isoko ry’imbere mu gihugu
Ikiyaga cya Kivu ni kimwe mu biyaga binini bya Afurika (Great Lakes), giherereye ku mupaka w’u Rwanda na Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo. Gifite ubuso bwa kilometero kare 2,700, kikaba ari icyambere mu Rwanda mu bujyakuzimu (m 480). Kizwiho kugira gaz metane nyinshi n’umwuka wa karuboni (CO2), kikaba ari n’inzira y’ubwikorezi bukomeye.
Giherereye mu burengerazuba bw’u Rwanda, kikagabanya u Rwanda na DR Congo, kikagira n’ikirwa cya Idjwi, kikaba ikirwa cya 2 mu bunini mu biyaga bya Afurika.
Gifite Gaz Metane (Methane Gas) ikaba itera iki kiyaga ubukana bukomeye (CH4)ndetse n’umwuka wa karuboni (CO2) biri mu mazi yacyo. Iyi gaz ikoreshwa mu gukora amashanyarazi.Kirimo ibirwa bigera kuri 250, 194 muri byo bikaba ku ruhande rwa Kongo naho 56 bikaba ku ruhande rw’u Rwanda.
