Mu buzima bwa buri munsi, umuntu atanga amakuru amuranga atabitekerejeho: uvuze amazina yawe kuri telefone, ukoresheje email yawe kuri application, ushyize nimero ya konti ku rubuga… ibyo byose ni amakuru bwite.
Mu rwego rwo kurengera abaturage, Leta y’u Rwanda yashyizeho Itegeko No 058/2021 ryo ku wa 13 Ukwakira 2021, rigenga kurinda amakuru bwite y’umuntu. Iri tegeko ryemera ko umuntu afite uburenganzira busesuye ku makuru ye. Iri tegeko ni urufunguzo rutuma wumva ko ushobora kubaza, gusaba ibisobanuro, cyangwa kuvuguruza uko amakuru yawe akoreshwa.
Muri iyi nkuru, turasesengura uburenganzira 7 itegeko riha buri wese, kandi tunagaragaza uko wabwifashisha mu buzima bwa buri munsi.
Ingingo z’ingenzi turi bugarukeho.
- 1. Uburenganzira bwo kubwirwa no Gusobanurirwa
- 2. Uburenganzira bwo Kwemeza (Consent)
- 3. Uburenganzira bwo Gusaba Impinduka cyangwa Gukuraho Amakuru
- 4. Uburenganzira bwo Kwanga Ikoreshwa rya makuru yawe
- 5. Uburenganzira bwo Kugenzura imikoreshereze y’Amakuru yawe
- 6. Uburenganzira bwo Kumenya aho amakuru yawe yoherezwa.
- ⚖️ 7. Uburenganzira bwo Gutanga Ikirego
1. Uburenganzira bwo kubwirwa no Gusobanurirwa
Buri muntu afite uburenganzira bwo:
“Kumenya amakuru ye yakusanyijwe, uburyo yakusanyijwemo, aho abitswe, n’impamvu azakoreshwaho.”
👉 Bisobanuye ko:
- Ufite umwanya wo kubaza: kuki bansabye aya makuru?
- Ugomba kumenyeshwa aho azabikwa, igihe bizamara, n’uzaba uyafite mu biganza bye.
- Nta muntu ugomba gufata amakuru yawe atakubwiye icyo agiye kuyakoresha.
📌 Urugero: Niba wiyandikishije kuri website, igomba kukubwira ko izabika email yawe, ntigomba kuyikoresha mu kwamamaza utabanje kubyemera.
2. Uburenganzira bwo Kwemeza (Consent)
Ni uburenganzira bwo:
“Gutanga cyangwa kwanga uruhushya rwo gukusanya no gukoresha amakuru yawe.”
Amakuru yawe ntakwiye gukusanywa cyangwa gukoreshwa utabanje kubigiraho uruhare.
👉 Ibi bisaba:
- Website kugusaba gukanda “Accept/EMERA” mbere yo gutanga data;
- Application iguha amahitamo yo gukoresha GPS cyangwa kutayikoresha;
- Umukozi agasobanura impamvu agukeneyeho nimero ya konti.
📌 Urugero: Iyo usabye serivisi y’ubuvuzi, uburenganzira bwawe ni uko bakubaza niba bemerewe gukoresha dosiye yawe y’uburwayi.
3. Uburenganzira bwo Gusaba Impinduka cyangwa Gukuraho Amakuru
Buri wese afite uburenganzira bwo:
“Gusaba ko amakuru ye ahindurwa, akosorwa, cyangwa akurwaho igihe atakiri ngombwa.”
Niba amakuru yasohowe cyangwa abitswe atari yo, ubifitiye uburenganzira bwo gusaba ko ahinduka cyangwa asibwa.
📌 Urugero: Niba application ibitse nimero yawe itari yo, cyangwa email yawe yanditse nabi, ushobora gusaba ko bihindurwa. Niba waravuye muri gahunda runaka, ushobora gusaba ko amakuru yawe akurwaho burundu.
4. Uburenganzira bwo Kwanga Ikoreshwa rya makuru yawe
Ushobora:
“Kwanga ko amakuru yawe akoreshwa ku mpamvu utigeze wemera cyangwa zidahuye n’iyo wayatanzeho.”
👉 Bivuze ko:
- Nta muntu wemerewe kwifashisha amakuru yawe mu bucuruzi, kwamamaza cyangwa ubundi buryo udatanzeho uburenganzira bwanditse.
- Wemerewe kuvuga uti “oya” igihe utishimiye uko amakuru yawe akoreshwa.
📌 Urugero: Niba utanze nimero ya telefoni yo guhabwa SMS z’amakuru ya serivisi, ntibakwiye kuyikoresha mu kohereza ibicuruzwa bidasanzwe cyangwa ubutumwa bwo kwamamaza.
5. Uburenganzira bwo Kugenzura imikoreshereze y’Amakuru yawe
Iri tegeko ritanga uburenganzira bwo:
“Kumenyeshwa igihe amakuru yawe akozweho impinduka, yoherejwe ahandi cyangwa akoreshwa nabi.”
Igihe habayeho kwibwa kw’amakuru (data breach ), ikigo cyangwa umuntu wabitse amakuru yawe agomba kukumenyesha mu gihe gito.
📌 Urugero: Niba urubuga rubitsweho amakuru rwinjiriwe n’abajura (hackers), ugomba guhabwa amakuru hakiri kare, kugira ngo ubashe kwirinda izindi ngaruka.
6. Uburenganzira bwo Kumenya aho amakuru yawe yoherezwa.
Umuntu afite uburenganzira bwo:
“Kumenya niba amakuru ye yoherejwe ahandi, cyane cyane hanze y’igihugu, n’icyo azakoreshwa.”
Ibi bituma:
- Umuturage amenya niba amakuru ye ari m’ububiko (server) zo mu Rwanda cyangwa hanze;
- Umuturage ahabwa ubusobanuro ku mutekano w’aho amakuru ye ari.
📌 Urugero: Niba ukoresha mobile app yo mu mahanga, ushobora gusaba kumenya aho amakuru yawe abikwa – niba ari mu Rwanda, Dubai cyangwa Singapore.
⚖️ 7. Uburenganzira bwo Gutanga Ikirego
Iyo wumva:
“Ko hari uwarenze ku mategeko agenga kurinda amakuru yawe, ufite uburenganzira bwo kuregera urwego rubishinzwe (NCSA). Cyanga DPO ”
Ibi bivuze ko:
- Ufite uburenganzira bwo kumenyekanisha ikibazo wagize;
- Ushobora kumenyesha cyangwa guhamagara NCSA ku murongo utishyuzwa 9009 na DPO kuri 9080 ;
- Uburenganzira bwawe bushyigikiwe kandi burengrwa n’amategeko.
📌 Urugero: Niba ushaka ko bakugira inama ku uko amakuru yawe yakoreshejwe nabi, cyangwa niba ushaka gutanga ikirego, NCSA ni urwego ugomba kugana.
SOMA IKINDI GICE KIVUGA KURI IRITEGEKO:
Amakuru yawe ni uburenganzira bwawe. Menya uko uyatanga, menya uburyo akoreshwamo, kandi ntutinye kuvuga niba wumva hari itegeko ryirengangijwe.Ikoranabuhanga rizana inyungu, ariko rititondewe, rishobora kwangiza byinshi. Menya uburenganzira bwawe, usome Privacy Policy z’imbuga ukoresha, kandi ntugire isoni zo kuvuga “OYA” igihe udashaka gutanga amakuru yawe.
