Hagaragaye inkuru iteye impungenge ku rwego mpuzamahanga aho intanga ngabo z’umugabo umwe, zari zirimo impinduka z’uduce ndangakamere dutera kanseri, zakoreshejwe mu gutera inda hafi 200 mu bihugu bitandukanye by’i Burayi. Izi ntanga zari zirimo impinduka yo mu gace ndangakamere ka TP53, izwiho guteza indwara ikomeye yitwa Li-Fraumeni syndrome, ituma uyifite agira ibyago bigera kuri 90% byo kurwara kanseri mu buzima bwe.
Nk’uko abahanga babisobanura, umuntu utanga intanga ashobora kuba adafite ibimenyetso by’iyo ndwara, ariko hafi 20% by’intanga ze zishobora kuba zifite iyo mpinduka y’imiterere ndangakamere. Iyo izo ntanga zikoreshejwe, umwana uvutse azakura iyo mpinduka muri buri karemangingo k’umubiri we wose, bigatuma ubuzima bwe bwose bumera nk’uburi mu kaga.
Prof Clare Turnbull, inzobere mu bijyanye na kanseri mu kigo cy’ubushakashatsi i Londres, yavuze ko Li-Fraumeni syndrome ari “ikimenyetso cy’indwara giteye ubwoba cyane”, kuko ituma umuryango wose ubaho uhangayitse ubuzima bwose. Abana bayirazwe basabwa kwisuzumisha buri mwaka hifashishijwe ibipimo byihariye nka MRI ku bwonko, mu mubiri no mu nda, hagamijwe kureba niba nta bibyimba bya kanseri byatangiye. Abagore benshi banahitamo kwicisha amabere mbere y’igihe kugira ngo bagabanye ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y’ibere.
Ikigo European Sperm Bank cyatangaje ko uwo mugabo watanze intanga we n’abagize umuryango we batigeze bagaragaza indwara, kandi ko iyo mpinduka itari ishobora kugaragara mu bipimo bisanzwe bikorwa ku batanga intanga. Icyakora, iki kigo cyahise gihagarika kwakira no gukwirakwiza intanga ze igihe ikibazo kimenyekanye.
Abaganga bavura indwara zifitanye isano n’iyororoka nibo babanje kubona abana barwaye kanseri ifitanye isano n’izo ntanga, maze babimenyesha European Society of Human Genetics. Muri icyo gihe, bari bamaze kubona abana 23 muri 67 basuzumwe bafite iyo ndwara, aho 10 muri bo bari bamaze kurwara kanseri. Ubu hakekwa ko abana bavutse kuri uwo mugabo bashobora kuba bagera kuri 197, nubwo umubare nyakuri utaramenyekana neza kubera amakuru atuzuye mu bihugu byose.
Dr Edwige Kasper, inzobere mu ndwara ya kanseri mu Bufaransa, yavuze ko hari abana benshi bamaze kurwara, bamwe bagafatwa n’ubwoko bubiri bwa kanseri, ndetse bamwe bakitaba Imana bakiri bato cyane. Ibi byatumye imiryango myinshi ibaho mu bwoba n’agahinda.
Céline (izina ryahinduwe), umubyeyi wo mu Bufaransa, yavuze ko yahamagariwe gusuzumisha umwana we w’umukobwa wavukiye kuri izo ntanga. Nubwo avuga ko adafitiye inzika uwatanze intanga, yemera ko bibabaje kuba yarahawe intanga “zishobora guteza ibibazo bikomeye”. Yongeyeho ko ubuzima bwabo bwose bazabaho bategereje ko kanseri ishobora kwaduka igihe icyo ari cyo cyose.
Izi ntanga zakoreshejwe mu bigo by’ubuvuzi 67 byo mu bihugu 14. Nubwo zitigeze zitangwa mu Bwongereza, hari abagore b’Abongereza bajya kwivuza hanze, cyane cyane muri Danemark, bakazikoresha. Ikigo cy’u Bwongereza gishinzwe irondoka (HFEA) cyemeje ko abo bagore bamaze kumenyeshwa.
Iyi nkuru yongeye gukangura impaka ku kubura amategeko mpuzamahanga agenga umubare w’incuro intanga z’umuntu umwe zishobora gukoreshwa. Mu bihugu bimwe, izo mbibi zarenzwe, bigatuma umubare munini w’abana bakomoka ku muntu umwe, bikongera ibyago by’indwara zidasanzwe no guhungabana mu mibereho n’imitekerereze.
Abahanga bagaragaza ko nubwo bidashoboka gupima indwara zose, hakenewe amategeko akomeye no gukorera mu mucyo mu rwego rwo kurengera abana bazavuka n’imiryango yabo. Iki kibazo kigaragaza akamaro ko kongera ubugenzuzi n’ubufatanye mpuzamahanga mu bijyanye n’itangwa ry’intanga, hagamijwe kurinda ubuzima bw’abazabyazwa umusaruro wabyo.
