Ese wigeze wumva umuntu avuga ati: “Amafaranga ni ibanga, ntayavugirwamo!”?
Ariko se koko amafaranga ni ibanga cyangwa ni ururimi tugomba kumenya kuvuga neza kugira ngo tubeho neza?
Mu buzima bwa buri munsi, dukoresha amafaranga kugira ngo tugure ibyo dukeneye, tuzibe icyuho cy’ibyo tudafite, cyangwa twiteze imbere. Ariko ikibazo gikomeye ni uko abantu benshi bakoresha amafaranga batayumva. Bameze nk’umuntu uba mu gihugu atazi ururimi rwaho: akora amakosa, akabura amahirwe, rimwe na rimwe agahomba.
Uyu munsi, tugiye gutangiza uruhererekane rw’inkuru zacu twise “Ururimi rw’Amafaranga” ku Impinga.rw, kugira ngo tugufashe kwiga kuvuga ururimi rw’amafaranga no kumenya uburyo rukoreshwa mu mibereho ya buri munsi.
Intangiriro: Uko imyumvire ihindura ubuzima bwawe
“Amafaranga si ikibazo — ikibazo ni uburyo uyatekerezaho.”
Inyuma y’amafaranga tubona cyangwa dutakaza, hari ururimi rwihariye amafaranga akoresha. Niba utazi gutekereza no kuvuga urwo rurimi, ushobora gukora amasaha menshi, ariko ugakomeza kugorwa n’ubukene.
Uyu munsi, reka tuganire ku mpamvu gukira bitangira mu mutwe, mbere y’uko bigera ku mufuka.
Ururimi rw’amafaranga ni iki?
Ururimi rw’amafaranga ni ubumenyi n’imyumvire ifasha umuntu kumva:
- Uko amafaranga akora,
- Uko amafaranga yinjira n’uko asohoka,
- Uko amafaranga yajya akorera nyirayo aho guhindura nyirayo umugaragu wayo.
Umuntu uzi ururimi rw’amafaranga afata ibyemezo by’ubukungu yitonze: azi icyo agomba gukoresha, icyo agomba kubika, n’aho agomba gushora.
Utarumenya, we, akora byinshi ariko akaguma mu rungabangabo, kuko akoresha amafaranga nk’umucungamari utazi ibaruramari.
Itandukaniro ry’imyumvire: Abakire vs. Abakene
Hari itandukaniro rikomeye hagati y’uko abakire batekereza ku mafaranga n’uko abakene bayatekerezaho:
| Abakire batekereza | Abakene batekereza |
| “Amafaranga ni igikoresho” | “Amafaranga ni iherezo ry’inzozi” |
| “Nkeneye amafaranga kugira ngo nkore ibindi bikomeye” | “Nkeneye amafaranga kugira ngo mbe mu buzima busanzwe nshozemo” |
| “Nshaka amafaranga akore akazi kose” | “Nzajya nkora akazi kose kugira ngo mbone amafaranga” |
| “Nzashora imari ku kintu cyampesha andi mafaranga” | “Nzakoresha amafaranga nshyira mu bintu bigaragara” |
Isomo hano:
👉 Uburyo utekerezaho amafaranga nibwo bushobora kugutandukanya n’ubukene cyangwa kukuyobora mu bukire.
Impamvu gukira bitangira mu mutwe
Hari impamvu eshatu z’ingenzi zituma gukira bitangira mu mutwe, atari mu mufuka:
a) Imyumvire ishyiraho imbibi
Niba utekereza uti “nta bushobozi mfite”, wamaze kwifatira umwanzuro ko utazigera utera imbere. Uko utekereza niko wiyubaka.
Urugero:
Iyo umuntu ashyira imbere amagambo nka “nta bushobozi mfite”, atangira gufata ibyemezo by’akanya gato bigumisha ubuzima bwe aho biri.
b) Ubumenyi ku mikorere y’amafaranga
Kumenya ururimi rw’amafaranga bituma amafaranga akorera nyirayo.
Umunyarwanda ushobora kuba akora akazi gasanzwe, ariko afite gahunda yo kubika, gushora imari, no kwagura umutungo, ashobora kugera ku rwego rwo hejuru mu myaka mike.
Inama: Ntugakore ngo amafaranga akubuze amahoro. Ahubwo, tegura uko azagufasha kugera ku nzozi zawe.
c) Uko wumva amafaranga bigena uko uyakoresha
Iyo ubona amafaranga nk’igikoresho cyo kugera ku ntego, uba utangiye gutekereza nk’abakire. Ariko iyo utekereza ko amafaranga ari isoko y’ibibazo cyangwa ibyishimo, uyakoresha nabi.
Intambwe 5 z’ingenzi zo kwiga ururimi rw’amafaranga
1. Menya uko amafaranga yawe yinjira n’uko asohoka
- Andika byose ukoresha buri kwezi.
- Imenyereze gukoresha Ingengo y’imari (budget) yoroheje.
2. Tegura gahunda y’igihe kirekire
- Fata umwanya wo gutegura intego z’imari zawe.
- Andika ibyo ushaka kugeraho mu myaka 5 cyangwa 10.
3. Shyiraho uburyo bwo kwizigamira
- Tangira n’amafaranga make, urugero 500 Frw ku munsi.
- Koresha konti yo kwizigama, SACCO, cyangwa mobile wallet.
4. Menya gushora imari mu buryo bukwiriye
- Tangira ku byoroshye: SACCOs, umurenge savings groups, cyangwa Rwanda Stock Exchange n’ahandi hashoboka gushora amafaranga make ariko hatanga ikizere k’igihe kirambye.
- Ntugashore mu byo utumva neza.
5. Hindura imyumvire ku mafaranga
- Fata amafaranga nk’igikoresho, si iherezo.
- Shyira imbere ubumenyi no guhanga amahirwe mashya.
Isomo rikomeye: Amafaranga agukorera, cyangwa ukayakorera
Iyo utazi ururimi rw’amafaranga:
- Uhora ukora amasaha menshi, ariko ugakomeza kubura icyo wigezaho.
- Ushobora guhora mu madeni.
- Ufata ibyemezo byihuse bidafite ishingiro.
Ariko iyo uzi ururimi rwayo:
- Amafaranga akora akazi aho guhora ari wowe uyakorerera.
- Umenya uko wategura ejo hawe.
- Ugera ku ntego zawe z’ubuzima wifashishije amafaranga nk’igikoresho, atari nk’umwami wawe.
Umwanzuro
Kumenya ururimi rw’amafaranga si ukumenya kubara gusa. Ni ukumenya imyumvire y’ayo, gucunga umutungo wawe, no kugira gahunda y’igihe kirekire.
Gukira bitangira mu mutwe. Iyo uhinduye imyumvire yawe ku mafaranga, uhindura n’ukuri kwawe.
Wowe se ururimi rw’amafaranga uraruzi?
- Utekereza ko amafaranga ari igikoresho cyangwa intego?
- Ufite gahunda yo kubika, gushora no gukoresha amafaranga mu buryo bukwiriye?
Iyi ni ingingo ya mbere mu ruhererekane rwacu “Ururimi rw’Amafaranga”.
Mu nkuru itaha, tuziga ku “Amahame y’Ingenzi y’Uruvugiro rw’Amafaranga” – aho tuzavuga uko amafaranga “avuga” mu isoko, mu mabanki, no mu buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi.
